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	Türkiye Europe	Estonia Europe	Uruguay Latin America	Grenada Central America & Caribbean
Overview	Türkiye offers a range of residency routes from short-term tourist residency to longer-term investor / family / work routes. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Turkish lawyers for filings.	Estonia is a strong choice for digital-first founders and consultants because of e-Residency, transparent company administration, and English-friendly digital processes. Bordercase coordinates entity setup and banking readiness for cross-border operators.

Residency	Türkiye residency routes: Short-term residence permit (1-2 years, renewable) Family permit Work permit - employer-sponsored Student permit Citizenship-by-investment via real estate or qualifying deposits / investments	Estonian residency routes: Start-up visa - for founders of qualifying start-ups Digital nomad visa - for eligible remote workers Work permit - employer-sponsored Family routes - spouse / dependants Note: e-Residency is NOT a residence permit - it is a digital identity for managing an Estonian company remotely.	Uruguayan residency routes: Standard residency - proof of income / qualifying activity Investor route Retirement / pensioner route MERCOSUR fast-track for member-state nationals Family reunification	Grenada routes: Citizenship by Investment (CBI) via fund contribution or qualifying real-estate investment Standard work permits Family routes

Company setup	Limited Şirket (LLC) and AŞ (Joint Stock) are common structures. Notary registration, tax registration, and a tax representative are typically required.	OÜ (private limited) is the standard structure, formed online via e-Residency or in person. Reporting obligations are real but proportionate; accounting partners are widely available.	SAS and SA are common structures. DGI tax registration and BPS social-security registration follow.	Domestic companies and IBCs are common in international structures.

Banking	Personal banking for residents is broadly accessible; non-resident corporate banking has tightened. Source-of-funds and ownership clarity are central.	Estonian banks have tightened KYC for non-resident e-residents; many international founders rely on EMIs (Wise, Revolut Business, Payoneer, etc.) for day-to-day banking. Local bank accounts typically require strong substance evidence.	Residency unlocks personal banking. Uruguay has historically been a HNW banking destination in the region; standards have tightened materially.	Banking is selective. Bordercase coordinates banking introductions through current partners.

Family	Family reunification is supported on most routes. International schools (English, German, French, Italian) are available in Istanbul and Ankara.	Family relocation is supported on the work and start-up visa routes; schooling and healthcare access follow the main applicant's residency.	Family reunification is supported. Schools (public, private, bilingual, international) are concentrated in Montevideo and Punta del Este.	CBI can include qualifying dependents.

Risks	Risks Bordercase watches for in Türkiye: Restricted residency zones (some districts no longer issue short-term residency to foreigners) Currency volatility on investment routes Shifting policy on the citizenship-by-investment programme Banking documentation requirements tighten regularly	Common pitfalls Bordercase watches for: Confusing e-Residency with physical residency Banking-only setups without substance - likely flagged Crypto, gambling, and other regulated industries face additional friction Tax residence triggered by 183 days even without a residence permit	Risks Bordercase watches for in Uruguay: Tax residency triggers (the new-resident tax holiday has conditions) Banking documentation and source-of-funds rigor Apostille + Spanish translation requirements	Risks Bordercase watches for in Grenada: Programme parameters change Due diligence has tightened Reputational and revocation risks if information is misrepresented

Documents	Typical Türkiye documents: Passport Biometric photos Proof of address Proof of income or savings Health insurance Criminal record certificate Marriage / birth certificates for family Documents apostilled and translated to Turkish.	For e-Residency: Passport Application form Biometric collection at the chosen Estonian embassy or pickup point For physical residency: Passport Criminal record certificate Proof of income Accommodation evidence Health insurance Business plan (start-up visa)	Typical Uruguayan documents: Passport Apostilled foreign documents Proof of income or investment Health insurance Spanish translations where required	Typical CBI documents: Passport Due diligence questionnaires Source-of-funds evidence (extensive) Family certificates with apostille and translation