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	Türkiye Europe	Dominica Central America & Caribbean	Mauritius Africa
Overview	Türkiye offers a range of residency routes from short-term tourist residency to longer-term investor / family / work routes. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Turkish lawyers for filings.	Dominica is a Caribbean jurisdiction with a long-standing Citizenship by Investment programme. Bordercase coordinates with authorised local agents.	Mauritius is a stable jurisdiction with structured residency and corporate routes, often combined for international families and founders. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Mauritian partners.
Best for	Citizenship by investment Cost of living Regional residency Families	Second passport English admin Caribbean residency	Founders Banking Trust HNW English admin
Currency	TRY	XCD	MUR
Language	Turkish	English	English / French
Time zone	UTC+3	UTC-4	UTC+4
EU member	No	No	No
Schengen	No	No	No
Residency	Türkiye residency routes: Short-term residence permit (1-2 years, renewable) Family permit Work permit - employer-sponsored Student permit Citizenship-by-investment via real estate or qualifying deposits / investments	Dominica routes: Citizenship by Investment (CBI) via fund contribution or approved real-estate investment Standard work permits Family routes	Mauritius residency routes: Premium Visa - remote work Occupation Permit - investor / professional / self-employed Residence Permit by property purchase - within approved schemes Family routes
Company setup	Limited Şirket (LLC) and AŞ (Joint Stock) are common structures. Notary registration, tax registration, and a tax representative are typically required.	Domestic companies and IBCs are common in international structures.	GBC (Global Business Company) and Domestic Companies are the standard structures. Substance requirements following OECD reforms must be considered; the GBC framework has evolved materially.
Banking	Personal banking for residents is broadly accessible; non-resident corporate banking has tightened. Source-of-funds and ownership clarity are central.	Banking is selective. Bordercase coordinates banking introductions through current partners.	Local banks support resident and corporate accounts; KYC and source-of-funds requirements are real. Bordercase coordinates banking introductions.
Family	Family reunification is supported on most routes. International schools (English, German, French, Italian) are available in Istanbul and Ankara.	CBI can include qualifying dependents.	Family inclusion is supported. International schools are available in major regions.
Risks	Risks Bordercase watches for in Türkiye: Restricted residency zones (some districts no longer issue short-term residency to foreigners) Currency volatility on investment routes Shifting policy on the citizenship-by-investment programme Banking documentation requirements tighten regularly	Risks Bordercase watches for in Dominica: Programme parameters change Due diligence has tightened Reputational and revocation risks if information is misrepresented	Risks Bordercase watches for in Mauritius: Substance reform impacts on Global Business Companies FATCA / CRS reporting on related accounts Mauritian residency vs physical-presence-based tax residence elsewhere Banking introductions vary by activity
Documents	Typical Türkiye documents: Passport Biometric photos Proof of address Proof of income or savings Health insurance Criminal record certificate Marriage / birth certificates for family Documents apostilled and translated to Turkish.	Typical CBI documents: Passport Due diligence questionnaires Source-of-funds evidence (extensive) Family certificates with apostille and translation	Typical Mauritius documents: Passport Criminal record certificate Proof of income / investment Health insurance Accommodation evidence Marriage / birth certificates for family Apostille where required.

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