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Countries

	Türkiye Europe	Argentina Latin America	Malta Europe	Greece Europe
Overview	Türkiye offers a range of residency routes from short-term tourist residency to longer-term investor / family / work routes. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Turkish lawyers for filings.	Argentina is a major South American economy with structured residency routes and a competitive cost of living for international founders and families. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Argentine partners for filings.	Malta is an EU member state with established residency, company, and family relocation routes. English is widely spoken and regulatory processes are well documented. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Maltese partners for filings.	Greece offers structured EU residency routes including the Golden Visa investor route, the Digital Nomad Visa, and the Financially Independent Person (FIP) route. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Greek partners for filings and ongoing compliance.
Best for	Citizenship by investment Cost of living Regional residency Families	Latin America hub Cost of living Founders Families	Founders Holding structures EU access English admin	Families Remote workers EU access Coastal living
Currency	TRY	ARS	EUR	EUR
Language	Turkish	Spanish	English / Maltese	Greek
Time zone	UTC+3	UTC-3	UTC+1	UTC+2
EU member	No	No	Yes	Yes
Schengen	No	No	Yes	Yes
Residency	Türkiye residency routes: Short-term residence permit (1-2 years, renewable) Family permit Work permit - employer-sponsored Student permit Citizenship-by-investment via real estate or qualifying deposits / investments	Argentine residency routes: Rentista visa - passive income / pension Investor visa - qualifying investment in an Argentine business Worker visa - employer-sponsored Family routes - spouse, children, parents MERCOSUR fast-track for nationals of member states	Maltese residency routes: Nomad Residence Permit - eligible remote workers Malta Permanent Residency Programme (MPRP) - investor route Employment routes Family reunification The citizenship-by-naturalisation-for-exceptional-services programme is closed to new applicants.	Greek residency routes: Golden Visa - property investment (thresholds vary by region, recently raised) Digital Nomad Visa - remote workers Financially Independent Person (FIP) - passive-income individuals Employment routes Each route has different residency-day and renewal requirements.
Company setup	Limited Şirket (LLC) and AŞ (Joint Stock) are common structures. Notary registration, tax registration, and a tax representative are typically required.	SA (Sociedad Anónima) and SRL (Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada) are the standard structures. CUIT, IGJ registration, and AFIP tax registration follow.	Maltese companies are commonly used for trading, IP holding, and gaming / fintech structures. Substance, accounting, and tax-refund mechanisms are well established but require careful structuring.	IKE (Private Company), EPE (LLC), and AE (Joint Stock Company) are common structures. Greek tax residency triggers worldwide income reporting; the non-dom regime may apply to eligible high-net-worth relocators.
Banking	Personal banking for residents is broadly accessible; non-resident corporate banking has tightened. Source-of-funds and ownership clarity are central.	Residency unlocks personal banking. Forex controls and currency volatility are part of the landscape; multi-jurisdiction structuring is common.	Local banking has tightened; EMIs are common supplements. Bordercase coordinates banking introductions through partners with current relationships.	Personal banking for residents is well established; corporate banking depends on activity. Bordercase coordinates introductions for non-standard structures.
Family	Family reunification is supported on most routes. International schools (English, German, French, Italian) are available in Istanbul and Ankara.	Family reunification is supported on most routes. Schools (public, private, English, German, French) are widely available in Buenos Aires.	Family reunification is supported on most routes. Schooling and healthcare are accessible to legal residents.	Family reunification is supported on most routes. Schools (public, private, international, English-language) are available in major cities.
Risks	Risks Bordercase watches for in Türkiye: Restricted residency zones (some districts no longer issue short-term residency to foreigners) Currency volatility on investment routes Shifting policy on the citizenship-by-investment programme Banking documentation requirements tighten regularly	Risks Bordercase watches for in Argentina: Currency / forex controls Tax residency triggers Document apostille + Spanish translation requirements	Risks Bordercase watches for in Malta: Substance requirements (real operations, real director time) Tax classification disputes Banking timelines - EU-wide AML pressure EU anti-abuse rules tighten ongoing	Risks Bordercase watches for in Greece: Property due diligence - especially older buildings Tax residency triggers Non-dom regime conditions Registration timing across municipalities Some routes do not permit employment in Greece without additional permits
Documents	Typical Türkiye documents: Passport Biometric photos Proof of address Proof of income or savings Health insurance Criminal record certificate Marriage / birth certificates for family Documents apostilled and translated to Turkish.	Typical Argentine documents: Passport Criminal record certificate (apostilled) Marriage / birth certificates for family Proof of income or investment Health insurance	Standard EU residency document pack for Malta: Passport Criminal record certificate Proof of income Health insurance Accommodation evidence Marriage / birth certificates for family routes Apostille or legalisation where required.	Typical Greek residency documents: Passport Criminal record certificate Proof of income / assets Health insurance valid in Greece Accommodation evidence (deed, lease) AFM (tax number) Apostille and certified Greek translation where required.

Europe

Latin America

Europe

Europe

Overview

Türkiye offers a range of residency routes from short-term tourist residency to longer-term investor / family / work routes. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Turkish lawyers for filings.

Argentina is a major South American economy with structured residency routes and a competitive cost of living for international founders and families. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Argentine partners for filings.

Malta is an EU member state with established residency, company, and family relocation routes. English is widely spoken and regulatory processes are well documented. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Maltese partners for filings.

Greece offers structured EU residency routes including the Golden Visa investor route, the Digital Nomad Visa, and the Financially Independent Person (FIP) route. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Greek partners for filings and ongoing compliance.

Best for

Citizenship by investment
Cost of living
Regional residency
Families

Latin America hub
Cost of living
Founders
Families

Founders
Holding structures
EU access
English admin

Families
Remote workers
EU access
Coastal living

Currency

TRY

ARS

EUR

Language

Turkish

Spanish

English / Maltese

Greek

Time zone

UTC+3

UTC-3

UTC+1

UTC+2

EU member

Yes

Schengen

Yes

Residency

Türkiye residency routes:

Short-term residence permit (1-2 years, renewable)
Family permit
Work permit - employer-sponsored
Student permit
Citizenship-by-investment via real estate or qualifying deposits / investments

Argentine residency routes:

Rentista visa - passive income / pension
Investor visa - qualifying investment in an Argentine business
Worker visa - employer-sponsored
Family routes - spouse, children, parents
MERCOSUR fast-track for nationals of member states

Maltese residency routes:

Nomad Residence Permit - eligible remote workers
Malta Permanent Residency Programme (MPRP) - investor route
Employment routes
Family reunification

The citizenship-by-naturalisation-for-exceptional-services programme is closed to new applicants.

Greek residency routes:

Golden Visa - property investment (thresholds vary by region, recently raised)
Digital Nomad Visa - remote workers
Financially Independent Person (FIP) - passive-income individuals
Employment routes

Each route has different residency-day and renewal requirements.

Company setup

Limited Şirket (LLC) and AŞ (Joint Stock) are common structures. Notary registration, tax registration, and a tax representative are typically required.

SA (Sociedad Anónima) and SRL (Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada) are the standard structures. CUIT, IGJ registration, and AFIP tax registration follow.

Maltese companies are commonly used for trading, IP holding, and gaming / fintech structures. Substance, accounting, and tax-refund mechanisms are well established but require careful structuring.

IKE (Private Company), EPE (LLC), and AE (Joint Stock Company) are common structures. Greek tax residency triggers worldwide income reporting; the non-dom regime may apply to eligible high-net-worth relocators.

Banking

Personal banking for residents is broadly accessible; non-resident corporate banking has tightened. Source-of-funds and ownership clarity are central.

Residency unlocks personal banking. Forex controls and currency volatility are part of the landscape; multi-jurisdiction structuring is common.

Local banking has tightened; EMIs are common supplements. Bordercase coordinates banking introductions through partners with current relationships.

Personal banking for residents is well established; corporate banking depends on activity. Bordercase coordinates introductions for non-standard structures.

Family

Family reunification is supported on most routes. International schools (English, German, French, Italian) are available in Istanbul and Ankara.

Family reunification is supported on most routes. Schools (public, private, English, German, French) are widely available in Buenos Aires.

Family reunification is supported on most routes. Schooling and healthcare are accessible to legal residents.

Family reunification is supported on most routes. Schools (public, private, international, English-language) are available in major cities.

Risks

Risks Bordercase watches for in Türkiye:

Restricted residency zones (some districts no longer issue short-term residency to foreigners)
Currency volatility on investment routes
Shifting policy on the citizenship-by-investment programme
Banking documentation requirements tighten regularly

Risks Bordercase watches for in Argentina:

Currency / forex controls
Tax residency triggers
Document apostille + Spanish translation requirements

Risks Bordercase watches for in Malta:

Substance requirements (real operations, real director time)
Tax classification disputes
Banking timelines - EU-wide AML pressure
EU anti-abuse rules tighten ongoing

Risks Bordercase watches for in Greece:

Property due diligence - especially older buildings
Tax residency triggers
Non-dom regime conditions
Registration timing across municipalities
Some routes do not permit employment in Greece without additional permits

Documents

Typical Türkiye documents:

Passport
Biometric photos
Proof of address
Proof of income or savings
Health insurance
Criminal record certificate
Marriage / birth certificates for family

Documents apostilled and translated to Turkish.

Typical Argentine documents:

Passport
Criminal record certificate (apostilled)
Marriage / birth certificates for family
Proof of income or investment
Health insurance

Standard EU residency document pack for Malta:

Passport
Criminal record certificate
Proof of income
Health insurance
Accommodation evidence
Marriage / birth certificates for family routes

Apostille or legalisation where required.

Typical Greek residency documents:

Passport
Criminal record certificate
Proof of income / assets
Health insurance valid in Greece
Accommodation evidence (deed, lease)
AFM (tax number)

Apostille and certified Greek translation where required.