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	Spain Europe	Estonia Europe	Mexico North America	Singapore Asia
Overview	Spain offers structured EU residency routes for individuals, families, and entrepreneurs, including the digital nomad visa introduced under the Startups Law. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Spanish partners for filings.	Estonia is a strong choice for digital-first founders and consultants because of e-Residency, transparent company administration, and English-friendly digital processes. Bordercase coordinates entity setup and banking readiness for cross-border operators.

Residency	Spanish residency routes: Non-Lucrative Visa - passive income, no employment in Spain Digital Nomad Visa - remote workers and self-employed (Startups Law) Self-Employed Visa Entrepreneur Visa EU citizen-derivative routes The Golden Visa has been phased out for real estate purchases.	Estonian residency routes: Start-up visa - for founders of qualifying start-ups Digital nomad visa - for eligible remote workers Work permit - employer-sponsored Family routes - spouse / dependants Note: e-Residency is NOT a residence permit - it is a digital identity for managing an Estonian company remotely.	Mexican residency routes: Temporary resident visa - via investment, employment, or qualifying income Permanent resident visa - via qualifying assets, retirement income, or after 4 years of temporary residency Family unity routes - for spouse and dependents of permanent residents / citizens Student visa Permanent residency unlocks indefinite stay with work authorisation.	Singapore residency routes: Employment Pass (EP) - professionals; merit-based EntrePass - entrepreneurs in specific sectors Global Investor Programme (GIP) - high-investment Dependant's Pass / LTVP - family routes Routes are competitive and quota-controlled.

Company setup	SL (Sociedad Limitada) is the standard private company. Registration involves NIE / NIF, notary, mercantile registry, and tax registration. Spanish tax residency triggers worldwide income reporting; the Beckham Law (special tax regime) may apply to eligible relocated workers.	OÜ (private limited) is the standard structure, formed online via e-Residency or in person. Reporting obligations are real but proportionate; accounting partners are widely available.	SA de CV (Sociedad Anónima) and S de RL de CV are the standard private entity types. Formation involves a notary, RFC (tax registration), and IMSS where staff are involved. Mexican tax residency is triggered by primary home and centre of economic interests.	Private Limited (Pte Ltd) is the standard structure. ACRA registration, a local resident director, and a registered office are required. Substance, accounting, and corporate governance standards are real.

Banking	Personal banking for residents is straightforward; corporate banking depends on activity and structure. Bordercase coordinates introductions for non-standard cases.	Estonian banks have tightened KYC for non-resident e-residents; many international founders rely on EMIs (Wise, Revolut Business, Payoneer, etc.) for day-to-day banking. Local bank accounts typically require strong substance evidence.	Resident personal banking is broadly accessible; corporate banking depends on activity and structure. Source of funds and ownership clarity are central. Bordercase coordinates introductions for cross-border cases.	Corporate banking has strong KYC and source-of-funds processes; relationship banking is common. Personal banking depends on residency status. Bordercase coordinates introductions through partners.

Family	Family reunification is supported on most residency routes after a qualifying period. Schools (public, private, international) are widely available; the public system is generally accessible to legal residents.	Family relocation is supported on the work and start-up visa routes; schooling and healthcare access follow the main applicant's residency.	Family reunification is supported on most residency routes. International schools (English, German, French, Japanese) are widely available in major cities; bilingual public and private schools are common.	Family relocation is well-supported via Dependant's Pass and LTVP routes. Schools (local, private, and international) are widely available; international schools are competitive.

Risks	Risks Bordercase watches for in Spain: Tax residency triggers - 183 days + centre of interests Beckham Law (special regime) eligibility Autonomous-community tax variation Hacienda audits when planning is unclear Past Schengen overstays must be disclosed	Common pitfalls Bordercase watches for: Confusing e-Residency with physical residency Banking-only setups without substance - likely flagged Crypto, gambling, and other regulated industries face additional friction Tax residence triggered by 183 days even without a residence permit	Risks Bordercase watches for in Mexico: Centre-of-economic-interests test for tax residency Real-estate restrictions in the "restricted zone" (50 km from coast, 100 km from borders) - fideicomiso or Mexican company structure needed Income thresholds for temporary / permanent routes change with minimum wage indexation Late-stage RFC and CURP registrations	Risks Bordercase watches for in Singapore: EP / EntrePass approvals are competitive and may be rejected Salary, qualifications, and company substance are scrutinised Tax residency rules - physical presence + centre of interests Equity stakes can trigger structuring needs

Documents	Typical Spanish residency documents: Passport NIE (foreigner identification number) Criminal record certificate with apostille Proof of income / assets Health insurance with full cover in Spain Accommodation evidence Marriage / birth certificates for family routes	For e-Residency: Passport Application form Biometric collection at the chosen Estonian embassy or pickup point For physical residency: Passport Criminal record certificate Proof of income Accommodation evidence Health insurance Business plan (start-up visa)	Typical Mexican documents: Passport Apostilled foreign documents (birth, marriage, criminal record) Proof of income or qualifying assets Photographs to specification Mexican consular application abroad for most routes	Typical Singapore documents: Passport CV Education certificates Employment history Company documents (for EntrePass / GIP) Family certificates with notarisation Apostille where required.