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	Saint Kitts and Nevis Central America & Caribbean	Bahamas Central America & Caribbean	Panama Central America & Caribbean
Overview	Saint Kitts and Nevis is a Caribbean jurisdiction with one of the oldest citizenship-by-investment programmes. Bordercase coordinates with authorised local agents and licensed advisers - citizenship outcomes remain at the discretion of the Citizenship by Investment Unit.	The Bahamas is a Caribbean jurisdiction with structured residency routes including the Economic Permanent Residence and an active fund / family-office sector. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Bahamian partners.	Panama is a long-established jurisdiction for residency and offshore company structures with a stable USD economy. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Panamanian lawyers and corporate-services partners.
Best for	Second passport Caribbean residency Asset planning	HNW Funds Family offices English admin	Second residency USD economy Asset planning Holding structures
Currency	XCD / USD	BSD	USD
Language	English	English	Spanish
Time zone	UTC-4	UTC-5	UTC-5
EU member	No	No	No
Schengen	No	No	No
Residency	Saint Kitts and Nevis routes: Citizenship by Investment (CBI) via the Sustainable Growth Fund CBI via approved real-estate investment Standard work / family routes Citizenship outcomes remain at the discretion of the Citizenship by Investment Unit.	Bahamian residency routes: Economic Permanent Residence - qualifying property investment Annual residence permits for HNW Work permits - employer-sponsored Family routes	Panama residency routes: Friendly Nations Visa - now requires economic tie (employment, real estate, or investment) Qualified Investor Visa - qualifying investment thresholds Pensionado / Retiree Visa - qualifying pension income Family routes
Company setup	Nevis IBCs and LLCs are commonly used in international structures. Substance, beneficial ownership disclosure, and AML standards have tightened materially.	IBCs (International Business Companies) are widely used; substance and reporting are now real. Funds and family-office structures are common.	Panamanian corporations (SA) and Private Interest Foundations are widely used. Beneficial ownership reporting, CRS / FATCA compliance, and substance discussions have become material; planning must reflect current standards.
Banking	Domestic and offshore banking options exist but have become more selective on KYC and source of funds. Bordercase coordinates banking pack preparation and partner introductions.	Banking is selective and source-of-funds focused. Bordercase coordinates introductions through current partners.	Panamanian banking has tightened KYC and source-of-funds requirements. Non-resident applications take time; Bordercase coordinates introductions through current banking partners.
Family	CBI applications can include qualifying dependants - spouse, children, and in some cases parents - under specific conditions.	Family inclusion is supported on most routes. International schools are concentrated on New Providence.	Family reunification is supported on most residency routes. International schools (English-language and Spanish) are available in Panama City.
Risks	Risks Bordercase watches for in Saint Kitts: Programme parameters change Due diligence has tightened materially Rejection rates have risen for incomplete or unclear source-of-funds presentations Visa-revocation and reputational risks if information is misrepresented	Risks Bordercase watches for in the Bahamas: Economic substance reporting Property due diligence Reputational handling around offshore structures	Risks Bordercase watches for in Panama: Reputational / de-banking risks for poorly structured offshore-only setups Tax residency analysis for clients with other obligations (CRS / FATCA) Processing delays at Migration UBO reporting is now active
Documents	Typical CBI documents: Passport Due diligence questionnaires Source-of-funds evidence (extensive) Employment / business documentation Family certificates with apostille and certified translation Police clearance certificates for all countries of residence in the prior 10 years	Typical Bahamian documents: Passport Source-of-funds evidence Health and police clearances Apostilled foreign documents	Typical Panama documents: Passport Criminal record certificate (apostilled) Proof of economic tie (employment letter, property deed, or investment evidence) Proof of address Marriage / birth certificates for family All documents apostilled and translated where required.

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