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	Montenegro Europe	Italy Europe	Bahamas Central America & Caribbean	Grenada Central America & Caribbean
Overview	Montenegro is a non-EU European country with structured residency routes, EU candidate status, and a growing role as a base for founders and remote workers in the region. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Montenegrin partners.	Italy offers EU residency routes for self-employed, entrepreneurs, retirees, and recently a digital nomad / remote worker route. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Italian partners for filings and tax planning.	The Bahamas is a Caribbean jurisdiction with structured residency routes including the Economic Permanent Residence and an active fund / family-office sector. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Bahamian partners.	Grenada is a Caribbean jurisdiction with a Citizenship by Investment programme that uniquely supports US E-2 treaty access. Bordercase coordinates with authorised local agents.
Best for	Cost of living Coastal living Regional residency	Families Remote workers EU access Long-term residency	HNW Funds Family offices English admin	Second passport US E-2 access English admin
Currency	EUR	EUR	BSD	XCD
Language	Montenegrin / Serbian	Italian	English	English
Time zone	UTC+1	UTC+1	UTC-5	UTC-4
EU member	No	Yes	No	No
Schengen	No	Yes	No	No
Residency	Montenegrin residency routes: Temporary residence via employment Business / self-employment Real-estate ownership Family reunification Permanent residence typically after 5 years.	Italian residency routes: Elective Residency Visa - passive income, no employment in Italy Self-employment visa (within quota) Entrepreneur visa Investor visa Digital nomad / remote worker - for qualified professionals Flat-tax regime (Article 24-bis) and impatriate regime may apply.	Bahamian residency routes: Economic Permanent Residence - qualifying property investment Annual residence permits for HNW Work permits - employer-sponsored Family routes	Grenada routes: Citizenship by Investment (CBI) via fund contribution or qualifying real-estate investment Standard work permits Family routes
Company setup	DOO (limited liability) is the standard structure. Formation is well-documented and reasonably fast. Tax and VAT registration follow.	SRL (Limited Liability Company) and SRL Semplificata are the standard structures. Italian tax residency triggers worldwide reporting; the flat-tax regime for new residents (article 24-bis) and the impatriate regime may apply to eligible individuals.	IBCs (International Business Companies) are widely used; substance and reporting are now real. Funds and family-office structures are common.	Domestic companies and IBCs are common in international structures.
Banking	Personal banking for residents is accessible. Corporate banking depends on activity. Bordercase coordinates introductions where useful.	Resident banking is straightforward; corporate banking and certain non-standard structures require coordination. Bordercase introduces banking partners where useful.	Banking is selective and source-of-funds focused. Bordercase coordinates introductions through current partners.	Banking is selective. Bordercase coordinates banking introductions through current partners.
Family	Family inclusion on residency applications is supported. International schools are available in Podgorica and on the coast.	Family reunification is supported. Public and private schools are widely available; international schools are concentrated in major cities.	Family inclusion is supported on most routes. International schools are concentrated on New Providence.	CBI can include qualifying dependents.
Risks	Risks Bordercase watches for in Montenegro: Tax residency triggers EU accession dynamics may change rules over time Processing variations between municipalities Schengen entry / exit considerations for travel planning	Risks Bordercase watches for in Italy: Tax residency triggers Flat-tax regime eligibility and possible revocation Regional administrative variation Language and bureaucratic friction Impatriate regime conditions vary	Risks Bordercase watches for in the Bahamas: Economic substance reporting Property due diligence Reputational handling around offshore structures	Risks Bordercase watches for in Grenada: Programme parameters change Due diligence has tightened Reputational and revocation risks if information is misrepresented
Documents	Typical Montenegrin residency documents: Passport Criminal record certificate Proof of accommodation Basis for residence Health insurance Family certificates Apostilled and translated.	Typical Italian residency documents: Passport Criminal record certificate Proof of income (significant for elective residency) Health insurance valid in Italy Accommodation evidence Codice fiscale (tax number) Apostille and certified Italian translation where required.	Typical Bahamian documents: Passport Source-of-funds evidence Health and police clearances Apostilled foreign documents	Typical CBI documents: Passport Due diligence questionnaires Source-of-funds evidence (extensive) Family certificates with apostille and translation

Montenegro

Europe

Italy

Europe

Bahamas

Central America & Caribbean

Grenada

Central America & Caribbean

Overview

Montenegro is a non-EU European country with structured residency routes, EU candidate status, and a growing role as a base for founders and remote workers in the region. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Montenegrin partners.

Italy offers EU residency routes for self-employed, entrepreneurs, retirees, and recently a digital nomad / remote worker route. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Italian partners for filings and tax planning.

The Bahamas is a Caribbean jurisdiction with structured residency routes including the Economic Permanent Residence and an active fund / family-office sector. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Bahamian partners.

Grenada is a Caribbean jurisdiction with a Citizenship by Investment programme that uniquely supports US E-2 treaty access. Bordercase coordinates with authorised local agents.

Best for

Cost of living
Coastal living
Regional residency

Families
Remote workers
EU access
Long-term residency

HNW
Funds
Family offices
English admin

Second passport
US E-2 access
English admin

Currency

EUR

BSD

XCD

Language

Montenegrin / Serbian

Italian

English

Time zone

UTC+1

UTC-5

UTC-4

EU member

Yes

Schengen

Yes

Residency

Montenegrin residency routes:

Temporary residence via employment
Business / self-employment
Real-estate ownership
Family reunification

Permanent residence typically after 5 years.

Italian residency routes:

Elective Residency Visa - passive income, no employment in Italy
Self-employment visa (within quota)
Entrepreneur visa
Investor visa
Digital nomad / remote worker - for qualified professionals

Flat-tax regime (Article 24-bis) and impatriate regime may apply.

Bahamian residency routes:

Economic Permanent Residence - qualifying property investment
Annual residence permits for HNW
Work permits - employer-sponsored
Family routes

Grenada routes:

Citizenship by Investment (CBI) via fund contribution or qualifying real-estate investment
Standard work permits
Family routes

Company setup

DOO (limited liability) is the standard structure. Formation is well-documented and reasonably fast. Tax and VAT registration follow.

SRL (Limited Liability Company) and SRL Semplificata are the standard structures. Italian tax residency triggers worldwide reporting; the flat-tax regime for new residents (article 24-bis) and the impatriate regime may apply to eligible individuals.

IBCs (International Business Companies) are widely used; substance and reporting are now real. Funds and family-office structures are common.

Domestic companies and IBCs are common in international structures.

Banking

Personal banking for residents is accessible. Corporate banking depends on activity. Bordercase coordinates introductions where useful.

Resident banking is straightforward; corporate banking and certain non-standard structures require coordination. Bordercase introduces banking partners where useful.

Banking is selective and source-of-funds focused. Bordercase coordinates introductions through current partners.

Banking is selective. Bordercase coordinates banking introductions through current partners.

Family

Family inclusion on residency applications is supported. International schools are available in Podgorica and on the coast.

Family reunification is supported. Public and private schools are widely available; international schools are concentrated in major cities.

Family inclusion is supported on most routes. International schools are concentrated on New Providence.

CBI can include qualifying dependents.

Risks

Risks Bordercase watches for in Montenegro:

Tax residency triggers
EU accession dynamics may change rules over time
Processing variations between municipalities
Schengen entry / exit considerations for travel planning

Risks Bordercase watches for in Italy:

Tax residency triggers
Flat-tax regime eligibility and possible revocation
Regional administrative variation
Language and bureaucratic friction
Impatriate regime conditions vary

Risks Bordercase watches for in the Bahamas:

Economic substance reporting
Property due diligence
Reputational handling around offshore structures

Risks Bordercase watches for in Grenada:

Programme parameters change
Due diligence has tightened
Reputational and revocation risks if information is misrepresented

Documents

Typical Montenegrin residency documents:

Passport
Criminal record certificate
Proof of accommodation
Basis for residence
Health insurance
Family certificates

Apostilled and translated.

Typical Italian residency documents:

Passport
Criminal record certificate
Proof of income (significant for elective residency)
Health insurance valid in Italy
Accommodation evidence
Codice fiscale (tax number)

Apostille and certified Italian translation where required.

Typical Bahamian documents:

Passport
Source-of-funds evidence
Health and police clearances
Apostilled foreign documents

Typical CBI documents:

Passport
Due diligence questionnaires
Source-of-funds evidence (extensive)
Family certificates with apostille and translation