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	Grenada Central America & Caribbean	Saint Kitts and Nevis Central America & Caribbean	Romania Europe	Panama Central America & Caribbean
Overview	Grenada is a Caribbean jurisdiction with a Citizenship by Investment programme that uniquely supports US E-2 treaty access. Bordercase coordinates with authorised local agents.	Saint Kitts and Nevis is a Caribbean jurisdiction with one of the oldest citizenship-by-investment programmes. Bordercase coordinates with authorised local agents and licensed advisers - citizenship outcomes remain at the discretion of the Citizenship by Investment Unit.	Romania is an EU member state with structured residency routes, accessible company formation, and competitive costs for founders and remote professionals. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Romanian partners.	Panama is a long-established jurisdiction for residency and offshore company structures with a stable USD economy. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Panamanian lawyers and corporate-services partners.
Best for	Second passport US E-2 access English admin	Second passport Caribbean residency Asset planning	Founders Digital nomads EU access Cost of living	Second residency USD economy Asset planning Holding structures
Currency	XCD	XCD / USD	RON	USD
Language	English	English	Romanian	Spanish
Time zone	UTC-4	UTC-4	UTC+2	UTC-5
EU member	No	No	Yes	No
Schengen	No	No	Yes	No
Residency	Grenada routes: Citizenship by Investment (CBI) via fund contribution or qualifying real-estate investment Standard work permits Family routes	Saint Kitts and Nevis routes: Citizenship by Investment (CBI) via the Sustainable Growth Fund CBI via approved real-estate investment Standard work / family routes Citizenship outcomes remain at the discretion of the Citizenship by Investment Unit.	Romanian residency routes: Employment-based residence (including the Blue Card) Digital Nomad Visa - remote workers Business / investor routes Family reunification EU citizen-derivative routes	Panama residency routes: Friendly Nations Visa - now requires economic tie (employment, real estate, or investment) Qualified Investor Visa - qualifying investment thresholds Pensionado / Retiree Visa - qualifying pension income Family routes
Company setup	Domestic companies and IBCs are common in international structures.	Nevis IBCs and LLCs are commonly used in international structures. Substance, beneficial ownership disclosure, and AML standards have tightened materially.	SRL (limited liability) is the standard structure. Formation involves notary and trade registry. Microcompany tax regime may apply for small businesses with eligible activities.	Panamanian corporations (SA) and Private Interest Foundations are widely used. Beneficial ownership reporting, CRS / FATCA compliance, and substance discussions have become material; planning must reflect current standards.
Banking	Banking is selective. Bordercase coordinates banking introductions through current partners.	Domestic and offshore banking options exist but have become more selective on KYC and source of funds. Bordercase coordinates banking pack preparation and partner introductions.	Personal and corporate banking for residents is broadly accessible. Bordercase coordinates introductions for non-standard cross-border structures.	Panamanian banking has tightened KYC and source-of-funds requirements. Non-resident applications take time; Bordercase coordinates introductions through current banking partners.
Family	CBI can include qualifying dependents.	CBI applications can include qualifying dependants - spouse, children, and in some cases parents - under specific conditions.	Family reunification is supported. International schools (English, French, German) are concentrated in Bucharest, Cluj, and Timișoara.	Family reunification is supported on most residency routes. International schools (English-language and Spanish) are available in Panama City.
Risks	Risks Bordercase watches for in Grenada: Programme parameters change Due diligence has tightened Reputational and revocation risks if information is misrepresented	Risks Bordercase watches for in Saint Kitts: Programme parameters change Due diligence has tightened materially Rejection rates have risen for incomplete or unclear source-of-funds presentations Visa-revocation and reputational risks if information is misrepresented	Risks Bordercase watches for in Romania: Tax residency triggers Microcompany regime eligibility Processing variations between counties Schengen entry / exit rules now apply	Risks Bordercase watches for in Panama: Reputational / de-banking risks for poorly structured offshore-only setups Tax residency analysis for clients with other obligations (CRS / FATCA) Processing delays at Migration UBO reporting is now active
Documents	Typical CBI documents: Passport Due diligence questionnaires Source-of-funds evidence (extensive) Family certificates with apostille and translation	Typical CBI documents: Passport Due diligence questionnaires Source-of-funds evidence (extensive) Employment / business documentation Family certificates with apostille and certified translation Police clearance certificates for all countries of residence in the prior 10 years	Typical Romanian residency documents: Passport Criminal record certificate Proof of address Basis for residence Health insurance Family certificates Apostilled and translated to Romanian.	Typical Panama documents: Passport Criminal record certificate (apostilled) Proof of economic tie (employment letter, property deed, or investment evidence) Proof of address Marriage / birth certificates for family All documents apostilled and translated where required.

Grenada

Central America & Caribbean

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Central America & Caribbean

Romania

Europe

Panama

Central America & Caribbean

Overview

Grenada is a Caribbean jurisdiction with a Citizenship by Investment programme that uniquely supports US E-2 treaty access. Bordercase coordinates with authorised local agents.

Saint Kitts and Nevis is a Caribbean jurisdiction with one of the oldest citizenship-by-investment programmes. Bordercase coordinates with authorised local agents and licensed advisers - citizenship outcomes remain at the discretion of the Citizenship by Investment Unit.

Romania is an EU member state with structured residency routes, accessible company formation, and competitive costs for founders and remote professionals. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Romanian partners.

Panama is a long-established jurisdiction for residency and offshore company structures with a stable USD economy. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Panamanian lawyers and corporate-services partners.

Best for

Second passport
US E-2 access
English admin

Second passport
Caribbean residency
Asset planning

Founders
Digital nomads
EU access
Cost of living

Second residency
USD economy
Asset planning
Holding structures

Currency

XCD

XCD / USD

RON

USD

Language

English

Romanian

Spanish

Time zone

UTC-4

UTC+2

UTC-5

EU member

Yes

Schengen

Yes

Residency

Grenada routes:

Citizenship by Investment (CBI) via fund contribution or qualifying real-estate investment
Standard work permits
Family routes

Saint Kitts and Nevis routes:

Citizenship by Investment (CBI) via the Sustainable Growth Fund
CBI via approved real-estate investment
Standard work / family routes

Citizenship outcomes remain at the discretion of the Citizenship by Investment Unit.

Romanian residency routes:

Employment-based residence (including the Blue Card)
Digital Nomad Visa - remote workers
Business / investor routes
Family reunification
EU citizen-derivative routes

Panama residency routes:

Friendly Nations Visa - now requires economic tie (employment, real estate, or investment)
Qualified Investor Visa - qualifying investment thresholds
Pensionado / Retiree Visa - qualifying pension income
Family routes

Company setup

Domestic companies and IBCs are common in international structures.

Nevis IBCs and LLCs are commonly used in international structures. Substance, beneficial ownership disclosure, and AML standards have tightened materially.

SRL (limited liability) is the standard structure. Formation involves notary and trade registry. Microcompany tax regime may apply for small businesses with eligible activities.

Panamanian corporations (SA) and Private Interest Foundations are widely used. Beneficial ownership reporting, CRS / FATCA compliance, and substance discussions have become material; planning must reflect current standards.

Banking

Banking is selective. Bordercase coordinates banking introductions through current partners.

Domestic and offshore banking options exist but have become more selective on KYC and source of funds. Bordercase coordinates banking pack preparation and partner introductions.

Personal and corporate banking for residents is broadly accessible. Bordercase coordinates introductions for non-standard cross-border structures.

Panamanian banking has tightened KYC and source-of-funds requirements. Non-resident applications take time; Bordercase coordinates introductions through current banking partners.

Family

CBI can include qualifying dependents.

CBI applications can include qualifying dependants - spouse, children, and in some cases parents - under specific conditions.

Family reunification is supported. International schools (English, French, German) are concentrated in Bucharest, Cluj, and Timișoara.

Family reunification is supported on most residency routes. International schools (English-language and Spanish) are available in Panama City.

Risks

Risks Bordercase watches for in Grenada:

Programme parameters change
Due diligence has tightened
Reputational and revocation risks if information is misrepresented

Risks Bordercase watches for in Saint Kitts:

Programme parameters change
Due diligence has tightened materially
Rejection rates have risen for incomplete or unclear source-of-funds presentations
Visa-revocation and reputational risks if information is misrepresented

Risks Bordercase watches for in Romania:

Tax residency triggers
Microcompany regime eligibility
Processing variations between counties
Schengen entry / exit rules now apply

Risks Bordercase watches for in Panama:

Reputational / de-banking risks for poorly structured offshore-only setups
Tax residency analysis for clients with other obligations (CRS / FATCA)
Processing delays at Migration
UBO reporting is now active

Documents

Typical CBI documents:

Passport
Due diligence questionnaires
Source-of-funds evidence (extensive)
Family certificates with apostille and translation

Typical CBI documents:

Passport
Due diligence questionnaires
Source-of-funds evidence (extensive)
Employment / business documentation
Family certificates with apostille and certified translation
Police clearance certificates for all countries of residence in the prior 10 years

Typical Romanian residency documents:

Passport
Criminal record certificate
Proof of address
Basis for residence
Health insurance
Family certificates

Apostilled and translated to Romanian.

Typical Panama documents:

Passport
Criminal record certificate (apostilled)
Proof of economic tie (employment letter, property deed, or investment evidence)
Proof of address
Marriage / birth certificates for family

All documents apostilled and translated where required.