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	Dominica Central America & Caribbean	Panama Central America & Caribbean	Grenada Central America & Caribbean
Overview	Dominica is a Caribbean jurisdiction with a long-standing Citizenship by Investment programme. Bordercase coordinates with authorised local agents.	Panama is a long-established jurisdiction for residency and offshore company structures with a stable USD economy. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Panamanian lawyers and corporate-services partners.	Grenada is a Caribbean jurisdiction with a Citizenship by Investment programme that uniquely supports US E-2 treaty access. Bordercase coordinates with authorised local agents.
Best for	Second passport English admin Caribbean residency	Second residency USD economy Asset planning Holding structures	Second passport US E-2 access English admin
Currency	XCD	USD	XCD
Language	English	Spanish	English
Time zone	UTC-4	UTC-5	UTC-4
EU member	No	No	No
Schengen	No	No	No
Residency	Dominica routes: Citizenship by Investment (CBI) via fund contribution or approved real-estate investment Standard work permits Family routes	Panama residency routes: Friendly Nations Visa - now requires economic tie (employment, real estate, or investment) Qualified Investor Visa - qualifying investment thresholds Pensionado / Retiree Visa - qualifying pension income Family routes	Grenada routes: Citizenship by Investment (CBI) via fund contribution or qualifying real-estate investment Standard work permits Family routes
Company setup	Domestic companies and IBCs are common in international structures.	Panamanian corporations (SA) and Private Interest Foundations are widely used. Beneficial ownership reporting, CRS / FATCA compliance, and substance discussions have become material; planning must reflect current standards.	Domestic companies and IBCs are common in international structures.
Banking	Banking is selective. Bordercase coordinates banking introductions through current partners.	Panamanian banking has tightened KYC and source-of-funds requirements. Non-resident applications take time; Bordercase coordinates introductions through current banking partners.	Banking is selective. Bordercase coordinates banking introductions through current partners.
Family	CBI can include qualifying dependents.	Family reunification is supported on most residency routes. International schools (English-language and Spanish) are available in Panama City.	CBI can include qualifying dependents.
Risks	Risks Bordercase watches for in Dominica: Programme parameters change Due diligence has tightened Reputational and revocation risks if information is misrepresented	Risks Bordercase watches for in Panama: Reputational / de-banking risks for poorly structured offshore-only setups Tax residency analysis for clients with other obligations (CRS / FATCA) Processing delays at Migration UBO reporting is now active	Risks Bordercase watches for in Grenada: Programme parameters change Due diligence has tightened Reputational and revocation risks if information is misrepresented
Documents	Typical CBI documents: Passport Due diligence questionnaires Source-of-funds evidence (extensive) Family certificates with apostille and translation	Typical Panama documents: Passport Criminal record certificate (apostilled) Proof of economic tie (employment letter, property deed, or investment evidence) Proof of address Marriage / birth certificates for family All documents apostilled and translated where required.	Typical CBI documents: Passport Due diligence questionnaires Source-of-funds evidence (extensive) Family certificates with apostille and translation

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