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	Armenia Europe	Cayman Islands Central America & Caribbean	Uruguay Latin America
Overview	Armenia has become an accessible relocation and operational base since 2022, with a maturing IT sector, simple residency routes, and a competitive tax framework. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Armenian partners for filings.	The Cayman Islands is an established offshore financial centre and a long-standing jurisdiction for fund, family-office, and holding structures. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Caymanian partners.	Uruguay is a stable South American jurisdiction with structured residency routes, strong civil infrastructure, and notable second-residence appeal for HNW relocators. Bordercase coordinates with licensed Uruguayan partners.

Residency	Common Armenian residency routes: Temporary residence - issued for 1 year, renewable; granted for work, study, business, family, or Armenian ancestry Permanent residence - typically 5 years renewable; available after qualifying temporary stay or other qualifying ground Special residence - 10-year status for individuals of Armenian descent or those of significant value to Armenia Family reunification - spouse, children, dependant parents Many nationalities can enter visa-free or with a simple e-visa for up to 180 days, which is often used to plan the right route.	Cayman Islands residency routes: Certificate of Permanent Residence for Persons of Independent Means - qualifying investment Residency Certificate (Substantial Business Presence) - operating a qualifying business Work permits for employer-sponsored roles Family routes	Uruguayan residency routes: Standard residency - proof of income / qualifying activity Investor route Retirement / pensioner route MERCOSUR fast-track for member-state nationals Family reunification

Company setup	Standard Armenian entities and tax treatment: LLC (Sahmanapak Pataskhanatvut`yamb Enkerut`yun) - the default private entity; fast online formation Individual Entrepreneur (IE) - simple setup; Turnover Tax regime at 5% (or category-specific rates) for qualifying small businesses IT Sector incentives - certified IT companies have historically benefited from reduced corporate tax and payroll incentives (programmes are revised periodically) Standard CIT is 18%; dividend withholding is 5% for residents Bordercase coordinates structure choice to match real activity and current incentive frameworks.	Exempted Companies, LLCs, and partnerships are widely used in fund and holding structures. Economic substance rules apply to relevant activities.	SAS and SA are common structures. DGI tax registration and BPS social-security registration follow.

Banking	Personal and corporate banking is broadly accessible through Ameriabank, ACBA Bank, Ardshinbank, and others - typically with USD, EUR, RUB, and AMD accounts. Onboarding is straightforward for clean cases; expect source-of-funds questions for larger flows. Bordercase coordinates introductions where useful.	Banking is mature but selective. Source-of-funds documentation is central. Bordercase coordinates introductions through current partners.	Residency unlocks personal banking. Uruguay has historically been a HNW banking destination in the region; standards have tightened materially.

Family	Family reunification is supported across most routes. English-language international schools are available in Yerevan. Healthcare is a mix of public and private; private cover is recommended for relocating families.	Family inclusion is supported on most residency routes. International schools are concentrated on Grand Cayman.	Family reunification is supported. Schools (public, private, bilingual, international) are concentrated in Montevideo and Punta del Este.

Risks	Risks Bordercase watches for in Armenia: Tax residency triggers - 183 days makes you tax-resident under Armenian rules IT certification scope - incentives apply only to certified, qualifying activities Russia/EAEU exposure - Armenia is part of EAEU; some structures benefit from this, others raise sanctions/banking flags Source-of-funds scrutiny for non-standard transfer corridors Permit renewals - documentation continuity matters across cycles	Risks Bordercase watches for in the Cayman Islands: Economic substance reporting and audit Reputational handling around offshore structures KYC tightening across the industry	Risks Bordercase watches for in Uruguay: Tax residency triggers (the new-resident tax holiday has conditions) Banking documentation and source-of-funds rigor Apostille + Spanish translation requirements

Documents	Typical Armenian residency documents: Passport (6+ months valid) Proof of basis (employment, business, study, ancestry, family) Proof of accommodation Health insurance Bank statements / proof of income Criminal record certificate (apostilled, where required) Marriage / birth certificates for family routes Apostille and certified translation into Armenian where required.	Typical Cayman documents: Passport Source-of-funds evidence Health and police clearances Apostilled foreign documents Family certificates for dependents	Typical Uruguayan documents: Passport Apostilled foreign documents Proof of income or investment Health insurance Spanish translations where required